the characteristic marker of mature t cells is ( ).
( )的丝路精神是“一带一路”倡议的必要前提。
in the thymus, thymic stromal cells(tscs) are interconnected into a network structure. these cells carry a large number of surface molecules and can secrete a variety of thymic hormones and cytokines, which provides a suitable microenvironment for the development and maturation of thymocytes. the types of tscs include ( ).
the denaturation of protein antigens may affect their immunogenicity, so it is necessary to use up the prepared vaccine as soon as possible to prevent denaturation from affecting the immune effect of the vaccine.
( ) is the site where immune cells differentiate, develop, and mature.
b cells in the mucosal immune system are mostly iga secreting cells. when activated by antigen stimulation, they proliferate and differentiate into plaa cells and directly secrete ( ), then play the role of local immunity.