linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general.
modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.
language is used to record the facts, which is the informative function of language, also called ideational function in the framework of functional grammar.
sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.
if a linguistic study describes and yzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _______.
which of the following is not a design feature of human language?
language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _______ and meanings.
saussure took a(n) _______ view of language, while chomsky looks at language from a ________ point of view.
according to jakobson, ___________ are the functions of language?
which of the following belongs to the main branches of linguistics?
phonology is concerned with how the sounds can be classified into different categories.
distinctive features of sound segments can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic segments.
what is the difference between the fields of phonetics and phonology?
question: which of the following sounds is velar ?
which of the following sounds is not alveolar?
would it be useful to compare german and english when trying to establish how english was spoken in the past?
in german, the word 'kind' (child) has the plural form kind-er. in the letter d is actually pronounced as [t], but in the plural form one pronounces it as a [d]. which phonological feature is involved in this alternation?
english and german have relatively large vowel inventories. what reason does the discussion provide for this?
how do features help us understand and explain the path of language acquisition?
which three of the following parameters are relevant for consonant sounds? please check all that apply.
nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classified as ____.
morphemes that represent tense, number, gender and case are called _____ morpheme.
______ is a way in which new words may be formed from already existing words by subtracting an affix which is thought to be part of the old word.
the stem of the word “disagreements” is ________.
all of them are meaningful except for ________.
“fore” in “foretell” is both a prefix and a bound morpheme.
the words “whimper”, “whisper” and “whistle” are formed in the way of onomatopoeia.
in most cases, the number of syllables of a word corresponds to the number of morphemes.
back-formation is a productive way of word-formation.
inflection is a particular way of word-formation.
prase structure rules have ______ properties.
the syntactic rules of any language are ____ in number.
the ________ rules are the rules that group words and phrases to form grammatical sentences.
a sentence is considered ____ when it does not conform to the grammatical knowledge in the mind of native speakers.
a __________ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.
an ________ can further be ided into two types: subordination and coordination.
what is the construction of the sentence “the boy iled”?
the head of the phrase “behind the door” is __________.
the phrase “on the shelf” belongs to __________ construction.
the sentence “they were wanted to remain quiet and not to expose themselves.” is a __________ sentence.
linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations.
in semantics, meaning of language is considered as the intrinsic and inherent relation to the physical world of experience.
the meaning of a sentence is the sum total of the meanings of all its components.
most languages have sets of lexical items similar in meaning but ranked differently according to their degree of formality.
________ is not one of seven types of meaning advanced by geoffrey leech.
words that are close in meaning are called ______________.
___________ is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features.
“teacher” and “student” are ______________.
_________ deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.
“john killed bill”_______ “bill didn’t die.”
it would be impossible to give an adequate description of meaning if the context of language use was left unconsidered.
what essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning the context of use is considered.
utterances always take the form of complete sentences.
speech act theory was originated with the british philosopher john searle.
perlocutionary act is the act of expressing the speaker’s intention.
the meaning of language was considered as something _______ in traditional semantics.
a sentence is a _________ concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied in isolation.
__________ is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance.
__________ is advanced by paul grice.
when any of the maxims under the cooperative principle is flouted, _______ might arise.